Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi ISTP

PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CELANA JEANS DALAM MENURUNKAN PARAMETER DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ZEOLIT DI LABORATORIUM PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN MEDAN

Yunita Kristina Tambunan — 2025-01-31

Industri tekstil celana jeans dilakukan dengan cara fisika yaitu absorbsi, penyaringan, sedimentasi dan flotasi. Proses analisis yang dilakukan secara kimia yaitu COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) dan TSS (Total Suspendded Solid) dan secara biologi terhadap parameter BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand). Analisis COD dilakukan dengan metoda kalium dikromat sedangkan BOD pada reaksi oksidasi zat organis dengan oksigen di dalam air dan proses berlangsung tersebut karena adanya bakteri aerobik. Analisis oksigen terlarut menggunakan metode titrasi Winkler. Variasi kadar partikel zeolit yang digunakan untuk menentukan COD, TSS, dan BOD 5, 10, 15, 20 dan 25 gram dengan waktu pengadukan 15 menit. Metode ini menghasilkan COD awal 542,2 mg/L, TSS awal 644 mg/L dan BOD 274,1 mg/L dan Warna 2430 mg/L. Setelah penambahan konsentrasi zeolit terhadap limbah celana jeans mengalami penurunan yang signifikan terhadap parameter COD, TSS dan BOD sesuai dengan Keputusan menteri lingkungan hidup KEP-51/MENLH/10/1995 mengenai batas ambang pada parameter limbah dalam pengolahan limbah tekstil celana jeans.

KAJIAN PENGUASAAN DAN PEMANFAATAN LAUT DANGKAL KOTA SIBOLGA

Melissa Nababan — 2025-01-31

The human population, particularly in the coastal areas of Sibolga, continues to increase, making it necessary to find solutions for the city's development. Land reclamation offers benefits and can support the city in providing land for various needs, such as urban expansion, coastal area management, marine tourism development, and more. From an economic perspective, the development of commercial areas will undoubtedly generate significant revenue. The assumption used here is that the more commercial areas are developed, the more they will contribute to increasing the region’s locally generated revenue (PAD). However, it must also be noted that reclamation is a form of human intervention in the natural balance of the coastal environment, which is always in a state of dynamic equilibrium. This intervention can lead to ecological changes such as alterations in current patterns, coastal erosion, and sedimentation, potentially disrupting environmental stability.The objective of this Coastal Reclamation Analysis for Sibolga City is to provide recommendations on the feasibility of coastal reclamation as an effort to obtain additional land for the expansion of Sibolga City and to support future urban planning and development.

IDENTIFIKASI TIPOLOGI FASAD BANGUNAN RUKO PECINAN DI JALAN SEMARANG KOTA MEDAN

Polin DR Naibaho — 2025-01-31

Construction workers or craftsmen in house building projects are important supporters in building a house or renovating a house. The reality in the field is that many home owners who build houses or renovate, complain about the performance of construction workers who are negligent in their work, causing significant material losses. This research was conducted to look for factors that become obstacles for construction workers in their work process in the field. The research method was carried out in a descriptive qualitative manner. The research location is in the city of Medan in 3 (three) sub-districts, namely Medan Selayang, Medan Tuntungan and Medan Johor. Respondents were divided into foremen, head craftsmen, carpenters, bricklayers and clerks. The results of this research show that the inhibiting factors in the group of internal work relationship factors are: the factor of homeowners who are in high demand. Then the inhibiting factor in the group of external factors in the field is: lack of building materials. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors for the external environmental factors group are: bad weather factors.

PENYEBARAN KECEPATAN AIR DENGAN DIAMETER PIPA DN250, DN200 DAN DN150 PADA INLET DAN OUTLET DENGAN ELBOW 45 DERAJAT ANTARA PIPA HORIZONTAL DAN PIPA MIRING PADA TINGGI SLOPE 7 M

bonar sari monang naibaho — 2025-01-31

Pada industri pertambangan sistem penirisan air dalam tambang sangat diperlukan. Hal ini mengingat pengaruh air yang masuk kedalam area penambangan. Terutama aktivitas penambangan pada area yang dekat dengan sump pit. Sehingga diperlukan pemilihan pompa dan sistem pemipaan untuk penirisan tambang. Penulis melakukan penelitian dengan pipa isap dan pipa buang pada PT xxx. Rangkaian pemipaan dengan sudut 45⁰ untuk bench dengan panjang slope 7 meter. Penelitian melakukan simulasi dengan ANSYS Fluent. Perbandingan pipa yang digunakan dengan diameter 150 (DN150), 200(DN200) dan 250 (DN250). Kecepatan aliran fluida 0,48 m/detik. Terjadi perbedaan kecepatan maksimum antar inlet dan outlet pada pusat aliran fluida dengan pipa DN150 sebesar 0,064 m/detik , DN200 sebesar 0,0611 m/detik dan DN250 sebesar 0,0645 m/detik.

RANCANG BANGUN MINIATUR CONVEYER BELT CERDAS BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER AT89S51

kolombus siringo ringo — 2025-01-31

Transporting goods from one place to another and at the same time calculating the quantity is still done manually in general. Transporting and counting goods manually is not economical because of the limited ability of employees, so tools are needed, for example using a conveyer belt. The conveyer belts currently used in industry generally do not work automatically in counting and transporting goods. To make the conveyer belt work automatically, sensors and controls based on the AT89S51 microcontroller are needed. The AT89S51 microcontroller functions as a central controller for all parts of the conveyer belt in receiving data from sensors, processing it, and sending it to the drive amplifier to control the servo motor. The servo motor drives the conveyer belt. To detect goods on the conveyer, a motion sensor is used in the form of infrared light that is emitted by an LED onto a photo diode. If there is an object blocking the emission of infrared light from the LED to the photo diode then a low voltage comes out (bit 0) and conversely there is no object blocking it then a high voltage comes out (bit 1). The number of items that pass through the infrared rays is displayed in seven segments. The command button functions to notify the microcontroller of the number of items to be transported and counted. If the number of items counted and moved is sufficient as specified, the conveyer stops automatically.

ANALISA PERHITUNGAN PERENCANAAN JARINGAN OPTICAL POWER BUDGET DAN RISE TIME BUDGET PADA JARINGAN FIBER TO THE HOME

samar elektro — 2025-01-31

Fiber to the Home (FTTH) merupakan salah satu solusi teknologi jaringan berbasis serat optik yang menawarkan kapasitas transmisi data tinggi hingga ke rumah pengguna. Untuk memastikan performa jaringan FTTH yang optimal, diperlukan perencanaan yang matang melalui analisis Optical Power Budget dan Rise Time Budget. Optical Power Budget bertujuan untuk memastikan daya optik yang dipancarkan oleh transmitter mampu mencapai receiver dengan mempertimbangkan redaman dalam jaringan, seperti redaman serat optik, konektor, splice, splitter, dan margin keamanan. Sementara itu, Rise Time Budget digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan jaringan dalam mentransmisikan data pada kecepatan tinggi tanpa menyebabkan distorsi sinyal akibat efek waktu naik. Dalam penelitian ini, perhitungan dilakukan berdasarkan parameter utama jaringan, seperti daya transmitter, sensitivitas receiver, panjang serat, dan elemen redaman. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa Optical Power Budget memenuhi kriteria jika total redaman lebih kecil dari daya optik yang tersedia. Selain itu, Rise Time Budget dikatakan memadai jika waktu total (rise time) lebih kecil atau sama dengan durasi bit data.

Studi ini menegaskan pentingnya analisis kedua parameter tersebut dalam perencanaan jaringan FTTH untuk memastikan kinerja yang handal, efisien, dan mampu mendukung kebutuhan transmisi data dengan kualitas tinggi.

DESAIN JARINGAN BACKBONE OPTIK PADA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI DWDM OTN

saut situmorang — 2025-01-31

Pada perancangan jaringan backbone provinsi Kalimantan Barat menggunakan perangkat Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) dan Optical Transport Network (OTN) yang mencakup 14 kabupaten kota yang terdiri dari 30 segment dimana dari 30 segment terdiri dari 14 site DWDM OTN dan 9 site Optical Land Amplifier (OLA). Dari hasil desain dan simulasi jaringan backbone, didapatkan bahwa nilai dari Optical Link Power Budget (OLPB) < 50 dBm dimana nilai tersebut adalah nilai ideal didalam penggelaran jaringan backbone DWDM OTN, serta kisaran dari Optical Signal Noise Ratio (OSNR) berkisar antara 20 dBm < OSNR < 40 dBm, yang merupakan nilai ideal dari OSNR, serta memiliki nilai Optical Rise Time Budget (ORTB) < 60 ps, dan juga memiliki sistem segment margin > 7 dB.

ANALISIS PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING (BIM) PADA TAHAP PERENCANAAN GEDUNG SNOWDON TOWERS JAKARTA

Harlen Sihotang — 2025-01-31

As a technology applied in infrastructure development, Building Information Modeling (BIM) makes construction modeling easier by providing data and tools that support planning, application and operation more efficiently and effectively. This research aims to assess the performance of BIM implementation at the project planning stage at PT. Razasa Karya, with a focus on the planning process for the construction of the Snowdon Towers Jakarta Building which consists of 6 floors, based on regulatory aspects for the procurement of goods and services. PT Razasa Karya focuses on engineering consulting services, project management, business development, and providing engineering consulting services. The research method used is qualitative with library observations which include Procurement TOR (Work Terms of Reference) data, Design and Build work contracts, and product planning such as Basic Design and more specifically Engineering Design (DED). The results of this research provide an increase in digital work efficiency and productivity, which aims to reduce various risks such as negligence, errors and communication problems in the field, by providing design visibility and better data management. In addition, applying BIM in the planning phase can increase time efficiency, budget, project cycle duration, and work quality by considering contracts for the supply of goods and services.

ANALISA GEOKIMIA ENDAPAN PIROKLASTIK DI SITUS LOYANG MENDALE & LOYANG UJUNG KARANG, ACEH TENGAH

Lismawaty — 2025-01-31

Loyang (Gua) Mendale dan Loyang Ujung Karang merupakan situs arkeologi yang berada di Dataran Tinggi Gayo Aceh Tengah dan kedua situs tersebut teridentifikasi pernah menjadi tempat hunian dan tempat penguburan kebudayaan pra sejarah. Stratigrafi kedua siklus terdapat lapisan alamiah diatas lapisan budaya neolitik dan diatas lapisan budaya mesolitik, kedua lapisan alamiah tersebut dianggap sebagai pemutus berlangsungnya budaya/kehidupan di masa neolitik dan mesolitik. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukan jenis endapan piroklastiknya berufa tuf yang terdiri dari tiga lapisan: lapisan tuf bawah berada diatas lapisan budaya neolitik, lapisan tuf tengah diatas lapisan budaya mesolitik dan lapisan tuf atas berada menerus diatas lapisan tuf tengah. Penelitian lanjutan ini dimaksudkan untuk mendetailkan hasil penelitian sebelum nya dengan analisa geokimia unsur utama batuan (mayor element) batuan melalui metode XRF (X-Ray Fluorance). Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui siapa (batuan, komposisi) dari endapan alamiah, darimana asal dan bagaimana proses kehadiran lapisan alamiah di dalam kedua loyang atau proses alam apa yang berlangsung sehingga kedua loyang terindikasi dihuni, lalu ditinggalkan dan dihuni kembali. Analisa geokimia dilakukan pada empat sampel : 3 (tiga) sampel dari Loyang Mendale (lapisan bawah-tengah dan atas tuf) dan satu sampel dari Loyang Ujung Karang (lapisan tuf bawah) Analisa hasil geokimia endapan piroklastik menunjukan lapisan tuf bawah Loyang Ujung Karang, lapisan bawah dan tengah loyang Mendale berasal dari magma bersifat dasitik, sedangkan lapisan tuf atas berasal dari magma yang bersifat andesitik. Mineral normatif hasil analisa CIPW (Cross, Iddings, Pirson, and Washington) terdiri dari mineral kuarsa, anortit, albit dan ortoklas (mineral felsik penyusun utama batuan). Perbedaan komposisi mineral dari magma dasitik dan andesitik ditunjukan oleh perbedaan presentasi kehadiran nya. Asal endapan piroklastik tuf dalam loyang Mendale dan Loyang Ujung Karang diduga berasal dari hasil erupsi/letusan Gunungapi Nama Salah. Hal tersebut didasarkan pada kesamaan jenis magmatik dan lokasi keberadaan Gunung Nama Salah yang berjarak dekat dan berada disisi barat kedua loyang.

PENGARUH PEMERAMAN TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN TANAH LEMPUNG PATUMBAK DESA SUKA TENANG KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG YANG DISTABILISASI DENGAN ABU BATUBARA

Surta Ria Nurliana Panjaitan — 2025-01-31

The Patumbak clay soil of Deli Serdang Regency from North Sumatra is a type of fine-grained soil with low bearing capacity and is sensitive to changes in water content so that the soil is unstable. This is very detrimental if clay is used as base soil to support building construction. So to overcome this problem it is necessary to stabilize clay soil as the base soil. One way is to add coal ash to clay soil. The research was carried out on clay soil from Patumbak, the Unconfined Compression Test value was 0.1702 kg/cm2. The tests carried out are preliminary tests to obtain the physical and mechanical properties of clay and clay soils that have been stabilized. Testing continued with the addition of coal ash and curing. The percentage of coal ash content used is 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% and the curing variations used are 0, 1, 4, 7 and 14 days and then an Unconfined Compression Test is carried out to determine the compressive strength value using the optimum water content obtained in the compaction test. The results of the research show that curing and adding coal ash content to clay soil with optimum water content will increase the compressive strength value of the clay soil. The maximum Unconfined Compression Test value was obtained on a 20% coal ash mixture with a value of 0.6371 kg/cm2 at 14 days of curing. The results of the research can be concluded that curing and stabilization using coal ash on clay soil can sufficiently improve the physical and mechanical properties of the soil.

ESTIMASI SEBARAN KARAKTERISTIK ENDAPAN SIRTU BERDASARKAN MODEL DARI VARIOGRAM ELEVASINYA

sedarta sedarta — 2025-01-31

Due to high demand of natural aggregate for construction aggregates, sand and gravel are one of the most much mined owing to cheap in production cost. Unfortunately, the value is low economically. The exploration is based only on the outcrop or any part of deposit body exposed to surface. The similarity of the topography surface traits is used to estimate the dissemination leading to high risk or uncertainty in the reserve-estimating. Such a deposit however, is a result of sedimentary process which may be re-eroded leaving behind a truncated body or disseminated in the form of lenses. Since the topographic surfaces are result of natural processes, the elevation must depend on one of controlling factors, e.g. geological process. This must comply with a variogram model. Therefore, 3 data sets have been tested; 2 of them related to measurement methods and the other is as a validator. Simulation results disclose that the sand and gravel in Desa Pardamean, Kec. Ajibata – Simalungun is governed by Gaussian or TPL-Stable model variogram with MSER 0.0961-m². The dissemination is fractal distribution with covered range ±100-m, variation (sill) = 8-m and no nugget. The surface elevation can be estimated using variogram model unless the data set is not representative.